Keeping a Juvenile Crime Off of Your Child's Record

If you are a parent of a child who has been charged with a crime, an experienced Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney can help you through this (often) overwhelming and frightening experience. 

Apart from consequences that may result from a prosecution (including: court ordered community service or counseling, time in a juvenile detention facility, or time in an adult jail or prison,) parents often fear for the long-term problems that a criminal record can impose on their child. In particular, when it comes to furthering their education, the search for a job, and their later lives as adults and contributing members of our society.

What You Need to Know

How a juvenile crime will be treated on a person’s record will depend on the nature of their case.

Juvenile records: In most juvenile crime cases handled by a juvenile court in the State of Minnesota, cases are sealed from public view. There are some exceptions, including when an offense would be considered a felony if child was at least 16 years of age. Most of these juvenile offenders will be able to petition for an Expungement, or sealing, of a criminal record when they become adults. 
 In cases where no charges were filed and only an arrest appears on record, juveniles who remain out of trouble for 10 years will have the arrest expunged from their record without having to file a petition

Juveniles tried as adults / charged with felonies: In cases where juveniles were charged as adults or where the offense would have been considered a felony had the child been at least 16 years old, a petition for expungement must be completed. Juveniles may qualify for an Expungement if charges were dismissed, juveniles were not found guilty, or a guilty plea was not entered. Even in cases where a juvenile was found guilty, you can still file a petition and request the court to consider an Expungement of arrest, court, or conviction records.

Expungement: Sealing a criminal record can be a complicated process, and it is one that varies from case to case depending on the age of an individual and the unique set of facts involved. Therefore, when I work on cases like this --- we work to secure outcomes that will increase the odds of pursing an Expungement - later. 

The Rolloff Law Office has a lot of experience handling juvenile crime and juvenile Expungement matters, and we are prepared to help you better understand if your child may be eligible for this releif. To discuss your case with an attorney from our firm during a free consultation, contact us today: (612) 234-1165

Should You Hire a Scott County Criminal Defense Lawyer?

The Rolloff Law Office is a different kind of defense firm.

We get big city results with small town customer service. We know our clients by name, not by file number.  As a Minneapolis-based criminal defense law firm, our primary goal is exceptionally serving the client at an affordable cost. Our representation ranges from crisis management, situation damage control, criminal pre-charge representation during investigatory phases, and defense representation of criminal charges in state and federal courts. Minneapolis criminal defense lawyer Christopher Keyser was named a Super Lawyer Rising Star, a Top 100 Trial Lawyer, and has a Superb rating on Avvo.com. We provide representation for every type of Minnesota criminal matter including:ArsonAssault and BatteryResidential BurglaryCriminal Sexual Conduct / Sex CrimesCriminal Vehicular OperationCriminal Vehicular HomicideDisorderly ConductDomestic AssaultDrug CrimesDWI / DUI DefenseFourth Degree DWIThird Degree DWISecond Degree DWIFelony First Degree DWICareless DrivingDWI Test RefusalExpungementFederal CrimesFeloniesFraudJail and Detox ReleaseJuvenile CrimesKidnappingMilitary DefenseMurder and HomicideProbation ViolationsShoplifting / Retail TheftSimple RobberyAggravated RobberyProstitutionSolitcitationTheftWeapons CrimesWhite Collar CrimesCriminal Defense StrategiesOur approach to fighting Minnesota criminal charges is simple but effective. We don’t bring gimmicks or tricks to court – only hard work, persistence, and aggressive advocacy. In every criminal defense case, we follow the same rules and principles:Client Consultation. We want to meet you and hear how we can help. Every criminal defense case is important, whether a misdemeanor or serious felony. We listen to your story and then educate you on both the good and bad aspects of your case under Minnesota law. We’re up front and tell it to you straight.Review the Evidence. Before any decisions can be made in your case, you need to see the evidence against you – and so do we. Any evidence we obtain from the prosecution is given to you, and any defense motions or letters drafted in your case are copied to you. We provide full transparency so you are fully informed every step of the way.Create a Criminal Defense Strategy. Should you negotiate a plea deal or go to trial? Jury trial or bench trial? This depends on the evidence against you, any criminal history you may have, and the specific facts of the case. The best defense plan may include using private investigators, obtaining expert witnesses, or consulting with other professionals to make the best decisions. Either way, we’ll explore all options.Execute the Criminal Defense Strategy. We work with our clients as a team. Together we will decide the best direction for your case and work to achieve the goals we create. If the evidence against you is strong, working with the prosecutor to obtain a reduced charge, avoid jail or prison, and minimize probation conditions may be the best plan. If the evidence against you is weak, aggressively pushing the case to trial may be the best option. Either way we have the respected relationships with prosecutors, the experience, and the reputation to win.Choosing the Right Criminal Defense AttorneyOur goal is to obtain the best possible outcome for your case, whether that means avoiding jail or prison, getting a reduced sentence, or avoiding a criminal conviction on your record. Like most law firms, we like to win and we win a lot. Every person is entitled to the best representation. We offer competitive rates and reduced fees for military veterans and servicemembers. Our criminal defense cases are handled on a flat fee basis, meaning we do not bill hourly for our services. To learn more about how we can help, call our offfice at (612) 338-5007 for a free case evaluation.

Should I Hire a Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney?

 

Let's hope you never need to ask yourself this questions: Do I Need to Hire an Experienced Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney?  If you are pondering as much, maybe you should read this. 


Question #1

I have been arrested for a crime, should I go ahead and plead guilty to get it over with?

Answer: Being charged with a crime is serious and should be addressed as such.  One suggestions: do not plead guilty in an effort to just "get it over with." This strategy can lead to more severe consequences - in the short & long terms - than you'd often get. Even if you ultimately do want to resolve your case by entering a plea --- it is important that a lawyer is there to tell you if your punishment is fair. Also, depending on the type of crime you have been accused of, substantial jail time could be a penalty, as well as huge fines, asset forfeiture, and lifelong consequences. Pleading guilty without knowing all of this could leave you in a position that you had never thought possible.

Questions #2

Why should I hire a Minnesota criminal defense lawyer?

Answer. If you have been accused of a crime, the government has virtually unlimited resources to prosecute you. Whether that is a team of lawyers, scientists, law enforcement officers, crime scene technicians --- they will all be out to hold you accountable.  When you hire a skilled Minnesota Criminal Defense Lawyer, you are presented with the opportunity to fight any/every allegation against you. A skilled attorney can help guide you through what can be a complex and confusing legal system. 

Question #3

When should I hire a lawyer?

Answer. Time is of the essence.  It is important that you hire a lawyer as soon as possible. The moment you are arrested or caught up in an investigation, you need to make the call.  Whether it is three in the morning (or afternoon,) make sure to call an experienced attorney as soon as possible.

Question #4

Do you guarantee the outcome of my case?

Answer. Unfortunately, it is impossible to ensure results. As a matter of fact, it is against the rules for any attorney to guarantee the outcome. However, as a former prosecutor, I can promise that by hiring the Rolloff Law Office, you will get somoen to fight for you ... who will put in the work necessary to gain you the right result. 

Question #5
 
What does a criminal defense lawyer do for me?

Answer. There are several things that your lawyer can do for you:

• Provide representation while your case is being; investigated --- to maybe prevent criminal charges
• Challenge the evidence at a Pre-trial;
• Formulate a defense that could result in the charges being reduced or being completely dismissed; and
• Negotiate with the DA to work out the best possible outcome

Minnesota DWIs - Know Your Rights

 

The State of Minnesota has specific laws and regulations related to arrests for Drunk Driving.  As an experienced Minnesota DWI attorney I know that drivers should be aware of the laws and their rights. In fact, it’s important you keep track of a couple of points in the event that law enforcement officers stop you on suspicion of driving under the influence:

Probable Cause

First, understand that police officers are not allowed to stop someone without a reasonable suspicion to believe that they are breaking a law. Granted, courts generally give officers a great deal of leeway when it comes to such suspicions, police may stop you only if you’ve committed a traffic violation.

Inadmissible evidence

If an officer asks you to perform standardized field sobriety tests to prove your sobriety, such as horizontal gaze nystagmus (HGN); standing on one leg, walking a straight line and perhaps even reciting the alphabet, counting backwards or touching your finger to your nose --- these tests will be used against you and will be admissible in court.  Contrary to popular belief, you are not required to perform them. 

The officer should inform you that you are not required to take a preliminary breath test (PBT). If you refuse to submit to a PBT on the roadside, Minnesota statutes do allow the officer to immediately arrest you. Any improperly obtained or handled samples may also be inadmissible. Additionally, courts often review any surveillance videos from the squad car or police station to determine whether they corroborate with the officer’s story.

 

Regardless of whether police meet procedural requirements, you have a right to legal representation. To minimize the penalties you may face for possible drunk driving in Minnesota, always consider calling an experienced Minnesota Criminal Defense Lawyer.  Call the Rolloff Law Office for a FREE CONSULTATION: (612) 234-1165

Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney (Explained)

One question I get a lot ... from people who have never had to hire a lawyer specifically ...  is: "How can you defend criminals?"

True ... it is probably not a surprise that many (if not most) of the people I work with are "guilty" of the crimes they are accused of.  Or, at least, guilty of something.  Honestly, clients often come to me with little or no hope, wondering what (if anything) can be done.  

One of the first things that I tell them is that although they may be guilty of something, they may not be guilty of the specific crime they are charged with.  An experienced  Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney will make sure that the crime is properly charged, and that all the applicable rules and laws are followed throughout the case.  

In addition, a lawyer is often able to negotiate a favorable settlement, even in cases of clear guilt.  If a lawyer is able to reduce a presumed sentence by even a month or two, the fees paid will have been well worth it.  Lawyers are often able to negotiate reduced fines, reduced jail time and probation, etc.

Lawyer's Role

But what about the role of a lawyer as counselor?  Those accused of crimes are often in need of something more than merely being represented in court.  Sometimes the crime itself is more accurately described as the symptom of a more serious problem, such as drug addiction or mental health issues.  Criminals may do bad things, but I firmly believe they are not bad people.  Generally speaking, their biggest problem is what could be described as a “lack of foresight.”  A lawyer can help counsel their client, advising them to address any underlying issues.  This type of advice includes encouraging the client to seek treatment, find a job or start education, and to keep their life happy and stable.  Depending on the client, I sometimes encourage them to seek some spiritual guidance as well.

There is a balance that must be struck, however.  Those accused of crimes do not need another person to lecture them on their mistakes.  Most already acknowledge that they screwed up somehow, and most are ready to make a change.  It is the lawyer’s role to encourage them and assist them in making the changes they want to make.  One of the very best parts about being a criminal defense attorney is that I have the privilege of finding people at the time in their lives where they are most willing to make changes for the better.  Rather than focusing too much on the past, I believe it is best to focus on the future.  Despite the obstacles, the future for most criminals can be very bright, especially with the right encouragement and the right counsel.  

For help with a legal dilemma, please feel free to call The Rolloff Law Office for a FREE CONSULTATION: (612) 234-1165

How to Beat a MN Drug Charge (Explained)

As a Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney, I get a lot of questions about what to do if one is charged with Drug Charges.  First and foremost, remember this: Just because you've been cited does not mean you will be found (or have to plead) guilty!  Here are somethings that can (and should) be challenged.  

1. Bad Warrant

If the officers have a warrant signed by a judge to search your car, home or person, that does not mean that they did not violate the constitution and your rights. In order to get a warrant, an officer needs to make a sworn affidavit to a judge and ask him to find that they have probable cause to search a particular location for particular evidence. These affidavits regularly have incorrect information or information from unknown individual or informants. The warrant may also be challenged if it is faulty based upon lacking of nexus to what to be search, description of where to searched, and the items to be searched for.


2. Bad Search

The 4th amendment protects individuals and grants them the right to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall be issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. Unless an officer has a legal reason to make contact or expand the scope of the encounter, the search may be illegal. In order to discourage the police from engaging in illegal searches, courts have ruled that evidence obtained through an illegal search or seizure is subject to suppression.

3. Bad Lab Tests

Just because something looks like marijuana or another drug, the court will not take the prosecutor or officers at their word. Everyone that touched, processed, or tested the evidence will have to appear in court and testify. If one link in the “chain of custody” is missing the evidence cannot be admitted at trial. Even if something has tested positive, that does not mean the lab is credible. Recently, the St. Paul Crime Lab has come under heat for their poor practices. Because of this cases have been dismissed.

4. Bad Police Work

Entrapment takes place when a government agent, typically a police officer, uses threats, harassment, fraud, or even flattery to induce defendants to commit crimes. This can be a great defense if you are charged with sale to an undercover officer in a school or park zone.

5. Bad Charge

This is the ultimate defense. Innocent people are charged with crimes. This tends to happen more commonly in drug cases. For example, John Doe is driving his friend’s car. His friend forgot his prescription medicine in the glove box. If Mr. Doe is stopped and searched, charges could be filed.

The Rolloff Law Office practices criminal defense throughout Minnesota and has for almost 10 years.  I handled cases from minor consumption and DWI charges all the way to 1st degree murder.  For a FREE CONSULTATION call: (612) 234-1165.

Minnesota DWIs (Explained)

Generally, as a Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney I recognize that Drunk Driving/DWI cases fall into one of two types: 

The first category is the least prevalent.  Here, there is a flaw in the government's case.  That means: maybe the police lacked proper cause to make an arrest or their testing equipment was flawed, or the officer did not do the tests Or... maybe there is a problem with the chain of custody or other evidence issues.  There are a number of possibilities that might make the case difficult or impossible to prove.  This is where someone with experience on both sides of the aisle, like me, can be helpful.  First, I know what to look for in a case to find weaknesses.  Second, I know the value of weaknesses to the defense case.  Finally, I can make an informed judgment as to what my client can possibly expect.  In short, experience helps get the best results.

The second category is more likely.  Here, there is no problem with the government's case that can be exploited... The cops did their jobs correctly, the equipment was in proper working condition, and there are really no issues, etc.  The government has a strong belief that it can make its case without difficulty.  Here, experience counts too.  By having been on the other side of well over a 1,000 DWI prosecutions, I know the best results that can be expected.  Just because the case is an uphill battle for the accused doesn't mean you can't a break.  Of course, individual results will depend on the circumstances.

The bottom line is that if you are accused of a Minnesota DWI violation, the Rolloff Law Office can help.  Call today: (612) 234-1165.

Minnesota Legal Questions (Answered)

As an experienced Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney you know I get a lot of questions.  Here are some FREE ANSWERS to some of the most common ones.

What is the cost of criminal defense for my criminal charges?

The Rolloff Law Office's fees are very competitive and we work with you to protect your rights and defend you. This includes investigating the facts, police, and witnesses to determine evidence that will prove your innocence. We charge a flat rate for criminal defense based on the complexity of your case. Our legal fees for criminal defense will cover your attorney's fees all the way throughout discovery, probable cause hearings, pre-trial motions and trial.   

What is the difference between a misdemeanor, petty misdemeanor, gross misdemeanor, and a felony?

Petty Misdemeanors are punishable by up to $300 fine. You cannot be sent to jail for a petty misdemeanor. Although not criminal offenses, some petty misdemeanors may still look bad on your record.

Misdemeanors are a crime and are punishable by up to 90 days in jail and a $1,000 fine.

Gross Misdemeanors are punishable by up to one year in jail and a $3,000 fine. These are serious crimes.

Felonies are the most serious offenses. They are punishable by a year to life in jail and heavy fines, depending on the crime.

The 'victim' wants the charges dropped. Will the case be dismissed?

No. Once police are involved they are gathering evidence and when a criminal case is in the county attorney or the prosecutor's hands they charge the crime acting for the state and the alleged "victim" is only witness testimony for the state as additional evidence. 

The victim cannot decide to drop the charges on their own. The state will continue to prosecute using the statements the victim already made to the police and may even impeach the victim if they were to testify differently on the stand. This type of issue is common in domestic assault situations when the police are called and the alleged victim does not want to pursue charges.

What are the possible outcomes of my case?

Each case depends on the facts and the law. When evaluating your case, we always look first for reasons the case might be dismissed. The witnesses or victim may be lying and evidence often can be suppressed. There may be contradicting evidence to show the state's evidence is unreliable. The case can be dismissed if a defendant qualifies for a diversion program and will remain law abiding in a plea agreement. Other times, the court might give a sentence but will not impose it. Sometimes you must go to a jury trial to prove your innocence. Whether these options will be available in your case depends on a number of factors. Call the Rolloff Law Office to get a better idea of possible outcomes you can expect in your case.

Should I talk to the police?

Always call an experienced Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney before you speak to the police. The police are trying to find any evidence that may convict you and anything you say can and WILL be used against you. An attorney can protect your rights before you confess to something, or say something that you didn't mean to say.

Call The Rolloff Law Office

Start your search for real help by getting a FREE CONSULTATION today.  You can reach a helpful and experienced Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney today at (612) 234-1165.

Minnesota DWIs – Not Just Another Traffic Ticket

Almost every other week you hear stories on the news about celebrities being pulled over for DWI. Their mug shot will be shown, viewers will get a laugh over it and then it seems to be over. You don’t hear anything about it again; but the fact is that this is no laughing matter and it should be taken seriously.  This is why you should consider speaking to a Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney about your case.

DWI is a Criminal Offense

Many people are under the impression that if you are arrested for Drunk Driving, you are only held until you sober up and then it is over -- WRONG.  This offense is not the same as a speeding violation or even a reckless driving charge. This sort of charge will require you to  face a criminal court judge.

If you are pulled over while intoxicated, the police officer will normally ask you if you have been drinking. It is best for you not to answer and instead invoke your right to remain silent. If they ask you to take a field sobriety test, you have the right to refuse. In fact, these tests are not considered reliable since sober people can fail while people who are intoxicated can pass.

If the police officer believes there is probable cause to arrest you for driving while intoxicated, he will then arrest you. Once at the police station, he will likely either have you submit to a blood or breathalyzer test. It is important that you not give a statement until you have a lawyer present. This is a right that you have and you should not allow an officer to pressure you otherwise.

Often times, depending on the jurisdiction, you will be released from jail pending arraignment after fully sobering up which typically takes a several hours depending on how much alcohol you consumed. However, sometimes, and especially if you are being charged with anything else in addition to driving while impaired, you may remain in custody until your arraignment. Usually an arraignment takes place the day after your arrest but if you are arrested on a Friday or Saturday, you may have to spend the weekend behind bars.

If you are released after sobering up, then you will most likely be notified of your arraignment at a later date. This will give you time to contact an attorney to represent you against these charges.

What is At Risk?

Depending on the circumstances surrounding your arrest and the charges against you, there are a few possible punishments that you can face:

• Jail time
• Fines or other fees
• Penalties
• Suspension/revocation of license
• Community service
• Rehabilitative treatment
• Probation

For each Minnesota DWI offense, the repercussions become more stringent. In addition, if you caused a car accident while drunk driving and someone is injured as a result, you may even face more severe charges.

You Need Representation

Defending yourself on a DWI charge can be tricky – especially if it isn’t your first offense or if you have multiple charges against you. For any criminal charge, you would turn to an attorney to represent you and this charge is no different. Look for a Minnesota DWI Attorney who has experience defending people in your situation. At the Rolloff Law Office, I represent individuals charged with DWI --- I can advise you on the right steps to take.  Call to day to set up a free consultation: (612) 234-165

Minnesota Legal Questions - Answered 4 FREE!

As a former prosecutor - and as an experienced Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney - I get lots and lots of questions.  I have no problem answering them - for FREE.  If you or someone you love has been caught up in a legal mess --- Call me today to set up a FREE CONSULTATION.  Before we get started - understanding that every case is different - feel free to look here for some general information.

Here are some of the most common questions I get:

The officer never read me my Miranda rights, what are they? 
Many people have learned that they have the right to remain silent and right to Lawyers by watching television and the movies. Yes, it is true, we do have these rights. However, these rights only attach when we are arrested or placed in custody and given the chance to incriminate ourselves. Strangely enough, a blood, breath, or urine test is not considered self-incrimination. That is why people do not have the right to a Minnesota Criminal Defense Lawyer before a State test is given. A routine traffic stop does not rise to the level of custody such that people must be told of their rights. However, if the police officer leads you to believe that the detention is going to be more than a brief encounter, Miranda warnings and your right to have a lawyer present before and during any aditional questioning may be required.

Do I have to let the police search me? 
NO!  The Police may only search a person, place, or thing if they have probable cause  (defined as enough evidence to convince a reasonable person that criminal activity is or has ocurred)  to believe that something illegal exists. However, there are numerous exceptions to this rule. For instance, a police officer can search you and anything within your grasp once you are lawfully arrested. An officer may frisk a person to see if they have weapons on them. An officer may search anything if he sees something in plain view and he has a legal right to be there. An officer may search a car if he smells burnt marijuana. THE EXCEPTIONS ARE GREATER THAN THE RULE. Initially, we had many rights to be secure from illegal searches. However, through the years, courts and whittled away at our rights so that law enforcement would have an easier time finding drugs and weapons.

Do I have to speak with police? 
No! Many people feel that they can talk their way out of trouble. We believe that this is not going to happen. Anything you say to an officer is considered an admission and will be used against you at a trial. All spontaneous utterances will be used against you.

IF YOU ARE A SUSPECT IN A CRIME, LAW ENFORCEMENT IS NOT TRYING TO HELP YOU.
The police are trying to gather as much evidence as they can to help them make a case. You have no legal obligation to speak with them. Please let an attorney speak to them on your behalf. Even if you are not guilty of anything, the most subtle questions will trip you up and make it seem like you did something wrong. You are not obligated to be a witness against yourself.

What is the Fifth? 
In recent times, many people have pleaded the Fifth. This is a person invoking their legal right not to incriminate themselves.

What should I do if I have not been arrested but think a charge is soon to occur? 
I get a lot of  calls from people who tell me that there is not a pending charge, but they did something wrong or people believe that they did something wrong and a charge may be forthcoming. First, it makes sense to hire a lawyer. He or she can analyze the facts and make a decision if a law has been broken. An attorney can also deal with law enforcement on your behalf in order to try and avoid charges from being filed.

If a lawyer is not affordable or available, do not tell the police your story. This will generally make things worse. Unless you are so sure that you are squeaky clean and have nothing to hide, my advice is do not speak to police without asking for an appointed lawyer.

Do I have to allow the police to search my house or car? 
No! The police have every legal right to ask for your permission to search your car or home. However, you have every legal right to refuse. Unless there is probable cause to search, the police have no business looking through your personal items.    The Fourth Amendment mandates that citizens shall be free from unreasonable searches and seizures. What type of governmental conduct is deemed unreasonable, and therefore unconstitutional, is determined by the particular facts and circumstances of each case. However, some hard and fast rules do provide guidance. First and foremost among these is the core principle that all searches, unless conducted pursuant to a warrant, are per se unreasonable, therefore unconstitutional. There are, however, certain well-crafted exceptions to the warrant requirement, permitting warrantless searches when the requirements of the relevant exception are met, a lawyer should be consulted to address the specific factual scenario in your case.

If you need help call The Rollof Law Office - now - at (612) 234-1165.

Minnesota Stay of Adjudication (Explained)

**** NEWS FLASH ****


If you've been charged with an offense - there's no guarantee you'll actually be convicted of it.  Additionally, you may even plead guilty - and not have the offense go on your record.  


Seriously, a Minnesota Stay of Adjudication for a felony (or misdemeanor) level offense can entirely avoid a conviction --- provided you successfully complete probation. How do you get this "deal"? The first place to start is by consulting with an experienced Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney.  


What?


With a Stay of Adjudication: You do plead guilty to an offense. However, the Judge does not "accept" your guilty plea.  Rather, you get a Sentence of a "Stay of Adjudication." 


What this means is that a conviction for an offense is not entered on your criminal record, provided you successfully complete probation. Once you do, he charges are dismissed, and your criminal record is clear of any convictions. However, arrest records will still show that you were arrested. In order to get rid of these arrest records, you will need to pursue an expungement of your record.


Or put another way: Adjudication of your guilt will be "stayed," meaning that you will not be found guilty. However, you will still be placed on probation. Additionally, the Court may still impose probationary conditions that include local jail time, fines, community service, electronic home monitoring, or any other conditions the Court deems appropriate.

Now What?



If you are charged with any offense, and do not want to take the risk of going to trial, a stay of adjudication is the best way to avoid any conviction at all. Ideally, your Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney will aggressively negotiate with the prosecutor in order to get you a stay of adjudication. With the right lawyer, you may be able to receive a sentence that will not impact you as severely throughout the rest of your life. 


If you've been charged with any criminal, contact The Rolloff Law Office today to discuss your case and the options available to you. Call (612) 234-1165.

Minnesota Assault (Explained)

If you have been charged with an Assault crime in Minnesota you may be concerned that you could be facing serious consequences - like jail and a large fine.  Understanding that, as an experienced Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney, I know the kind of stress this can cause and I will fight for you as you face the prosecutor, the judge --- and the jury.

Felony Assault charges can result in very severe penalties and jail time. Shoot, even the least serious Assault charge -  5th degree misdemeanor Assault - can result in real fines, possible jail time, and a permanent criminal record that will follow you for the rest of your life.

There may be a perfectly logical explanation to your behavior the night of the incident. You were acting in self defense, or it was a mutual disagreement that escalated. These kinds of sloppy arrests happen all the time, unfortunately. But now you have a complicated criminal legal problem you need to sort out.

Or maybe you made a made a mistake you now regret. We are interested in learning what exactly led up to your charge.

Having successfully defended many assault cases like yours in Minnesota, I know what you are up against. I know the Minnesota criminal courts - from the prosecution side and the defense side -  and I can put that knowledge to work for you.

Minnesota Assault Laws & Penalties


First Degree Assault

If you commit Assault that causes great bodily harm to someone you may be charged with this serious felony.  “Great bodily harm” is defined as injury which causes substantial risk of death or causes disfigurement or loss or loss of use of any organ or bodily member.

Second Degree Assault

You may be charged with 2nd degree Assault if you assault someone with a dangerous weapon. If the alleged victim suffers “substantial bodily harm” you will face a potential sentence of up to 10 years and fines of $20,000. However, if there is not “substantial bodily harm”, the potential sentence is dropped to up to 7 years in prison and $14,000 in fines.

Third Degree Assault

There are three ways in which 3rd degree Assault can be committed. If you do any of the following you could face this serious felony charges:

• Assault resulting in substantial bodily harm 
• Assault on a minor where there is a history of abusive behavior 
• Assault on a victim under 4 years of age 

Fourth Degree Assault

You may face 4th degree Assault charges if you assault certain people. For instance, Assault on a police officer in the line of duty,  school officials, corrections officers, firefighters, or an EMT can also land you with a 4th degree assault charge.

Also, if you assault someone because of bias in regards to their religion, race, sexual preference, or disability you could also face gross misdemeanor charges.

Fifth Degree Assault

You may be charged with misdemeanor 5th degree Assault (and face up to 90 days in jail and a $1,000 fine or both) if you  commit an act with intent to cause fear of bodily harm or death or if you intentionally inflict or attempt to inflict bodily harm on another.

Get Your Free Consultation 

Facing prison terms and hefty fines can leave you with a lot on your mind. The only way to know for certain what you are facing is to consult with an experienced Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney. Call the Rolloff Law Office at (612) 234-1165 to set up a FREE consultation on your Assault case today.

Two Common Minnesota DWI Mistakes To Avoid

If you've already made the mistake of possibly drinking too much before driving - the least you can do is try to avoid making these all to common errors when charged with a DWI.

Being charged for Drunk Driving can be scary for anyone, but even more so if it is your first ever drinking-related charge. Simply talking to the police and trying to understand your rights can cause stress and anxiety, which is why many people panic when they find themselves in a similar situation.

However, this can be very dangerous for yourself and your  case. When many people are scared and anxious after being pulled over for a DWI, they often end up making accidental mistakes than can do more harm than good to their DWI case.

Luckily, hiring a properly trained, experienced DWI lawyer to handle your charge can help  to dramatically increase an acceptable result in your case case. However, it is still important to understand the most common mistakes that people make when charged with a DWI, that way you can avoid them or inform your lawyer of them so that they can take necessary next steps.

Here are just three common DWI mistakes commonly made by someone who is accused of driving while intoxicated:

1. Assuming That You Are Guilty
People often think that just because they have careful about handling your case. Therefore, ignoring your charge or trying to solve it yourself without any legal training can have horrible, long-lasting effects on your record.

There are many difficult factors and tasks that must be done in order to properly represent yourself in court for a DWI charge, including getting proper information from the police, obtaining proper evidence, and dozens of other complicated tasks. These are not risks that you should take when such a serious charge is on the line.

2. Not Hiring A Knowledgeable, Experienced DWI Lawyer
DWI laws and charges are different in every single state, including Minnesota. Therefore, it is important to find a professional lawyer that is familiar with the laws in your area and knows how to work with them most effectively. An experienced Minnesota DWI Lawyer also knows how to challenge the different types of evidence that are completely unique to Drunk Driving law.

What To Do

As an experienced Minnesota DWI Attorney, I can work to ensure that your rights are preserved and that all of the proper challenges to the criminal and civil penalties are filed in a timely manner - and fought against in court. If you or someone you love is facing a DWI or Drunk Driving charge, call the Rolloff Law Office - at (612) 234-1165 - today to set up a free consultation to learn about your options.

Minnesota Implied Consent Law (Explained)

Believe it or not - any individual who chooses to drive, operate, or be in physical control of a motor vehicle is assumed to have already consented to a breath, urine, or blood test to determine the presence of alcohol or hazardous or controlled substance in the body.  (See ... the things you probably didn't know that you didn't know --- this is why you need to speak to a Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney.)  This chemical test is administered only after a police officer has established that there is probable cause to believe a Drunk Driving violation has occurred and that the person has been subsequently placed under arrest.

When is Probable Cause Established?
Probable cause exists only after a police officer reasonably suspects an impaired driving violation by observing impaired driving behavior.  This is usually accomplished when the officer observes any erratic driving conduct prior to the traffic stop. It can also be effectuated after the officer stops a driver - in their subsequent interaction.  (Here, the cop is looking for slurred speech, bloodshot watery eyes and the accused's overall appearance.) The officer will also critique the driver’s performance on some Field Sobriety Tests. Generally, after these tests a thorough officer will ask the driver to perform a preliminary breath test ("PBT") test to confirm his belief of impairment.

If an officer believes that probable has been established, the officer may then place the driver under arrest and (only) after reading the Minnesota Implied Consent Advisory, request an evidentiary breath, urine, or blood sample.

The officer is required to read the advisory - explaining that the test is mandatory, refusal to take the test is a crime, and the driver has the right to consult or speak with an attorney before agreeing to take the test. The individual is given a “reasonable period” of time under the “totality of circumstances” standard to contact an attorney.

Blood or Urine?

It is the officer that decides whether to administer a breath, urine or blood test. The Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension (BCA) analyzes blood and urine samples and forwards the results to Minnesota Department of Public Safety (DPS).

If a driver is asked to take a blood test - the individual can refuse - and the officer has to be afforded him or the chance to take breath or urine test.  That right to refuse also extends to urine - meaning that you can say "no" and the officer has to offer blood or breath.  (The rational is that some individuals are adverse to needles and they shouldn’t be charged with the crime of refusal simply because of this fact. The same rational applies to those who are offered a urine test, but for some reason are not able to physically urinate at the time.) However, if you're offered a breath test - you are required to do as much - or you do subject yourself to possible legal consequences.

What Should You Do?

My suggestion to anyone facing a legal dilemma is "talk to a lawyer."  Honestly, you only get one chance (all too often) to take on these things.  Get the answers you need to make the next right decision - your future could depend on it.  Call the Rolloff Law Office today at (612) 234-1165 to set up a FREE Consultation. 

Minnesota Criminal Defense - FAQs

When it comes to your future - especially when you're facing criminla charges - there are no dumb questions.  As a former prosecutor - and as an experienced Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney, I get many, many questions - about the ins and outs of the crminal justice system.  Here are some of the most important tips, questions, and examples that I can impart to you.

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The most common question I receive is “What do you charge?” The answer to that question is based in large part on my approach.  Generally speaking, I have fairly standard fees for every type of case I handle, and I offer favorable payment options for my clients.  However, I can't just shoot out an exact fee until I determine what it is you wish to obtain out of our relationship.

For example, often times an individual charged with a Minnesota DWI will want me to merely show up and help him plead.  As such, I charge a different fee if that same individual would like me to fight to have the evidence suppressed, or have a full blown trial.

Upon your arrest you need to know that…

• You have the right to remain silent.
• It is critical to your defense that you exercise that right.
• Whatever you say will be used against you in ways that are not now apparent.
• You must identify yourself.
• Deny crimes you are falsly accused of.
• Request the presence of your attorney.
• State clearly that wish to exercise your right to remain silent.
• You would be happy to cooperate and provide whatever information is appropriate – but only after consulting your attorney.
• FRIENDS/PARENTS/SIGNFICANT OTHERS: It is vitally important that if you call a loved one while they are incarcerated that you DO NOT speak about the specifics of their case. All of these phone calls are recorded and commonly result in your loved one being convicted on an otherwise strong case.
• Call me immediately at (612) 234-1165.  

Common Questions

Question: Do I have to answer every question the Police ask me?

Answer: You have the right to remain silent except that you are required to tell the police your name and identify yourself.

Question: How important is it that I invoke my right to remain silent?

Answer: Along with the rights to trial by jury and to have counsel defend you, the right to remain silent is critically important because anything that you say can and will be used against you even before you hire an attorney or you have a trial. Sometimes people maybe guilty of committing a crime but is difficult for the government to prove it. This can change though if you offer up incriminating statements or if you implicate yourself in the crime. Saying things might get you charged with crimes you did not commit. For example, if the police stop you and ask you “Where you are coming from?” and you tell them “From John’s house.” If John was just murdered in his house, you have just made yourself a prime suspect in the case of John’s murder.

Question: But the police will be angry if I do not cooperate with them? Right?

Answer: Some police officers may be angry with you. Most police officers are professionals and will respect your right to remain silent. They may, however, try to trick you into offering up a statement by making small talk. It is important that you inform the police that you absolutely want to cooperate with them but you want to wait for your attorney to be present. DO NOT AGREE TO TALK TO THE POLICE UNTIL YOUR ATTORNEY ARRIVES! Once you invoke your right to counsel, to have your attorney present, the police must stop talking to you. Do not let yourself be made to believe that talking to an attorney before the police will hurt you in any possible way. The police want to talk to you without an experienced Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney being present.

Question: What do I do if the police request an interview with me, my spouse, or my child?

Answer: Again, always be polite to the police officers. Remember, they do have a job to do. However, you and your loved ones have rights to protect. If you have been asked by a police officer, investigator, or detective to come in to speak to them – even if it is off the record – contact your attorney first and ask your attorney to go with you or to advise you on the situation. I will always make myself available to clients for such an interview-but only if the interview is in their client’s best interest.

Question: There are police officers at my front door and they want to search my house, what do I do?

Answer: Remember to be polite to the police officers. Do not swear at them, yell at them, or make any statements at all to them. Politely ask them for a copy of the search warrant that they have. If they have no warrant, politely say you will contact your attorney and then get back to them. If they have a warrant they have to give you a copy. DO NOT SIGN ANYTHING WITHOUT FIRST CONSULTING AN ATTORNEY. In most cases if the police officers have a search warrant you would already be in handcuffs, or the search warrant would have been presented to you. If this has happened you need legal representation from The Rolloff Law Office to begin immediately protecting your rights. If the police do not have a search warrant politely decline their request to enter without first consulting with an attorney. We have years of dealing with the technicalities of searches.

Question: Can the police lie to me when questioning me about a case?

Answer: Yes, absolutely, and it is likely they will. Police officers can lie to you about a case in order to get you to incriminate yourself. It is often considered good police work to distract you with a lie to get you to say things you might not otherwise say. One of the classic lies is that your co-criminal is going to “sing” (ie. Give you up first) if you do not talk to the police and tell them your story. This is generally not true, but even if someone is going to give you up to the police it is still better to wait for your attorney. I have years of experience dealing with interviews. I also know how these investigations take place and are supervised.

Question: I was arrested by the police for selling drugs. Now they want me to work with them and they promise to help me out, what should I do?

Answer: You should contact the attorneys at The Rolloff Law Office as soon as possible to discuss the specifics of your case and whether or not it is in your best interests to work with the police. This is a common practice of many police officers to request that you wear a wire or conduct certain types of transactions on their behalf to help them arrest others in your situation. The attorneys at The Rolloff Law Office have years of experience working with police officers involved in drug trafficking investigations and will gladly help establish a meeting with the police that is in your best interests.

Question: I read the police report in my case and the police are lying; the victim is lying ... What do I do?

Answer: You need immediate representation to defend yourself from any allegations that you know to be false. The sooner you do this the better. Do not let the police trick you into speaking by presenting you with false information. At The Rolloff Law Office, I have a great deal of experience sorting through what the truth is in a given case. After reviewing all the evidence with you we will be able to put you in a better situation to defend yourself and expose any lies that may have been made against you.

Question: How do I set up an appointment with an attorney from The Rolloff Law Office?

Answer: Simple, contact us by calling (612) 234-1165. I understand that your life is very busy. As such, I will meet you at my office during “non-traditional” times. For example, I can meet at 7:00 am before work, on a weekend, or at 8:00 pm in the evening.

Minnesota DWI - Physical Control (Explained)

Being a Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney for as long as I have, one of the most difficult concepts I've had to relate to far too many clients the notion of “physical control” as it relates to Drunk Driving cases.  In other words, the idea that someone could be charged or convicted of a Minnesota DWI for just sitting or lying in a motor vehicle.

Granted, this one can be a real head-scratcher --- you can get a DWI for not driving and/or "sleeping one off"?  Sadly, the answer is big fat YES!

What's Up With That?

Over the last several years, Minnesota Courts have given a very broad definition of “physical control” when it comes to DWI charging. As an example, in a January of  2010, the Minnesota Supreme Court ruled, in the case of the State of Minnesota vs. Fleck, that it was proper for a jury to find Mr. Fleck guilty when  he was found asleep in his motor vehicle in the parking lot of his apartment complex.

In this case, when the cops got on the scene,  they found Mr. Fleck asleep behind the wheel of his vehicle with the driver’s side door open and the ignition keys in the center console of the vehicle between the driver and passenger seats.  As is often the case, with these sorts of matters, there is an assumption that, although law enforcement did not see the actual driving conduct, it’s clear that the individual actually drove to the location based on other circumstantial evidence. However, in Fleck, the officer’s had determined that Mr. Fleck had not recently driven his motor vehicle because the car was “cold to the touch”, the lights were not on, and it did not look as though the vehicle had been running. However, the Minnesota Supreme Court found that Mr. Fleck was in a position to exercise domain over his vehicle. In other words, without too much difficulty, the Court believed he  could have made his motor vehicle a source of danger on the roadways by awakening, in an intoxicated state, and then subsequently taking the keys from the console and starting the vehicle and driving off.

Isn't that ice to know --- that law enforcement can just "know" (ala the Tom Cruise movie “Minority Report”) not just what you've done but also what you're going to do --- even before you do it?

Again, as an experienced Minnesota DWI Defense Lawyer, who has had to argue the concept of “physical control” many times throughout my career, this decision comes as little surprise. Nevertheless, this case is remarkable in the sense that there was actual evidence that the driver did NOT drive the motor vehicle to the location, but the Court still found “physical control”.

Now, does this mean that this result will always repeat itself --- that there is no hope?  Not necessarily.  As a matter of fact, often cases such as these can be negotiated (often at something less than a DWI) if you engage the services of a someone who knows what he's doing when it comes to criminal defense.  If you want answers for your legal dilemma - call The Rolloff Law Office today @ (612) 619-0262.  Just because you've been charged does not mean you'll be found guilty.  Believe it.

What are Common Defenses for Minnesota Criminal Charges?

When you face criminal charges, it is important to not only be aware of your rights but also the possible defenses available to you. While this post briefly identifies and explains some of the most common criminal defenses, an experienced Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney should be able to advise you on the best defense for the circumstances of your particular case.

Self Defense

Self defense is a common criminal defense used by individuals who are charged with violent crimes such as Assault. When this defense is used, a suspect admits that they committed a crime, but justifies their actions by claiming the other person was threatening them. In this way, the suspect’s actions were not intentional or pre-mediated, but in response to behavior that threatened his or her own safety.

The Insanity Defense

The insanity defense is a controversial criminal defense used by individuals who do not have control of their behavior or do not understand that their actions were wrong. If an individual is not able to understand basic principles of morality or cannot …the law asserts that such people are not accountable for their actions. In this way, the insanity defense prevents people who do not have the capability to control their actions or the capacity to understand the consequences of their behavior from being punished as criminals. It is important to be aware that while individuals may not face criminal penalties if this defense is successful, they may be confined to a mental facility for a longer period of time than would have been permissible by criminal incarceration. 

Statute of Limitations Defense

If you are charged with a crime it is important to know that you may only be charged with a certain crime for a limited amount of time after an offense occurs; this is known as a statute of limitations. The statute of limitations varies depending on the crime and the state in which the crime took place. Therefore, it is very important to contact a criminal defense attorney if you have been charged with a crime that took place a number of years ago as the statute of limitations may have run out and you may not legally be tried for the criminal charges that you face. Be aware that statutes of limitations do not prevent you from being prosecuted when they expire. Rather, statutes of limitations prevent you from being charged with a crime when they are expired.

The Alibi Defense

An alibi is a strong criminal defense if you have evidence that supports you were in another location at the time an alleged criminal offence took place (see What’s an Alibi?). To assert this defense often demands that you have evidence and eyewitnesses that can testify to your whereabouts on the date in question. If you have sufficient evidence, the alibi defense is very powerful since you could not have possibly been in two locations at once. An experienced criminal defense attorney should be able to advise you on what kind of documentation you will need to support your alibi and help you track down eye witnesses that are willing to testify about your alibi.

The Entrapment Defense

It is illegal for the government to induce you to commit a criminal offense and then try to punish you. When the government acts in this way, it is called entrapment. While this can be an effective defense in criminal cases, it is not always the best defense. This is because you may still be convicted of a crime if the judge or jury believes you were predisposed to committing the crime anyway. A predisposition is largely based on prior criminal activity; therefore, if you have prior convictions for the same type of crime, entrapment may not be the best defense for your case.

Get a Former Offense Member or Your Defense's Side

There are many other defenses that may better suit the circumstances of your particular case. And an experienced Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney should be able to advise you on how to develop a strong defense. Criminal charges are serious matters and it is a good idea to hire an attorney on your side.  Let me put my background as a former prosecutor to work for you to win you the results you're seeking.  Call today to see what a former DA can do for you and your defense.

Minnesota DWI Penalties - The Non-Criminal Ones

In Minnesota, a Drunk Driving charge can lead not only to criminal consequences but one could also be subject to certain civil penalties.  The criminal matter is, of course, handled by the prosecutor and has the potential for jail, fines and other sanctions.  However, and many people who have never been down this road before fail to recognize this, a DWI arrest will also place into jeopardy not only one's ability to drive legally but it could also lead to the loss of their vehicle and/or the vehicle's license plates.  These are the possible civil consequences.  And understand this, these matters are entirely separate from an individuals criminal case. This is why consulting with an experienced Minnesota DWI Attorney is essential to upholding your rights.

Loss of Driver's License

Outside of what could come one's way in criminal court, the number one civil consequence I'm most quizzed about by my clients who have been arrested for Drunk Driving is the status of the driver's license.  The length of revocation varies depending on the specific charges brought against an offender and the circumstances surrounding their arrest.  But, in nearly every case - an individual will be subject to a loss of his or her license and a rather expensive re-instatement fee. Moreover, that loss of driver's license (even if they "win" their criminal case) will qualify as having incurred a "prior" and could have the effect of leading to enhanced penalties in the future if one is again arrest for a Minnesota DWI.

Loss of License Plates

In addition to the loss of one's driver's license, an arrest for Drunk Driving can also lead to the loss of your vehicle's license plates.  Yes, instead of that attractive "Land of 10,000 Lakes" plates you see on over 90% of the vehicles in the State of Minnesota - you could be forced to don the plates of shame - ie., the “whiskey plates.” More often than not, this is not something that occurs for a first time offender; however, if you're facing a third-degree DWI charge (or higher) then this is a very real possibility.

Loss of Vehicle

Although the loss of license might sound severe - especially if you do not  live in an area where public transportation is a viable option - generally speaking the worst consequence one can face if he or she is arrest for a Minnesota DWI is the loss of their vehicle.  If you're charged with a first- or second-degree DWI, the government may seek to keep your vehicle - and eventually sell it at auction or you might be afforded the wonderful chance "re-buy" it from the state.

What Should You Do?

Remember, all of these consequences will not be handled in criminal court.  Rather, if you want to fight against these penalties you must do so on your own action - separately.  If you fail to do so - even if your criminal case is eventually thrown out or resolved as something less than a DWI - you can still suffer their effects. 

As an experienced Minnesota DWI Attorney, I can work to ensure that your rights are preserved and that all of the proper challenges to these civil penalties are filed in a timely manner - and fought against in court.  If you or someone you love is facing a DWI or Drunk Driving charge, call the Rolloff Law Office - at (612) 234-1165 - today to set up a free consultation to learn about your options.