Unreasonable Search & Seizure (Explained)

Check your constitution. As an experienced Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney, I get a lot of questions about illegal/warrant-less searches.  Here are some things you need to know.

According to the Fourth Amendment Act, validates the reasonable right of privacy to an area that law enforcement might need to conduct a search or a seizure. Therefore, premises such as homes and apartments are considered private, and as such the government must have a court-issued search warrant before they conduct any search. In addition to that, the permit must be valid, meaning there must be probable cause. This (in theory) should prevent the police from  carrying out random intrusions.   under the law.  Another requirement is that the warrant must meet --- it must have been issued by an unbiased judge and contain details on where the search will happen and what should be searched. The police cannot search an area that isn’t described in the warrant and therefore cannot seize the property in that area too. 

All too often ... police have probable cause (to search) when they respond to criminal activities, and they conduct searches without a warrant. These so-called "exemptions" to the Fourth Amendment include:

• When a person willingly consents to a search. Under these circumstances, law enforcement personnel don’t need to have a warrant present during the search. They assume the individual knows the extent of the Amendment Act. The act not only protects the people’s rights to privacy, but also prevents any property seized during the search from being used in court as evidence.
• If you get pulled over while driving, possibly due to a traffic violation, the police can search the trunk and any other compartments of your car without a warrant. 
• Vehicles get exempted because they are mostly mobile and criminals can use them to conceal weapons and drugs away from their premises. If the police confiscate your car, they are free to search without a valid warrant.
• When arresting an individual, they can search the property for any evidence of criminal activity. In this case, police have a warrant for arrest, or one gets filed against you, and police suspect that they might collect evidence of your criminal act on your premises.When police witness you committing a crime in plain view and make an arrest, they may search and seize any personal items you have on you. If any of these things link you to criminal activity, then they are admissible in court as evidence.
• Sometimes an officer may stop you and conduct an investigative frisk if they suspect that you might possess a weapon or might be dangerous.

What happens when your Fourth Amendment rights get violated? The law considers that the individual have a reasonable expectation of privacy and to feel secure in their premises from arbitrary government intrusion.  If you feel as though your rights have been violated --- you should contact The Rolloff Law Office.  We know about the exclusions to the Search and Seizure Act. If you need legal advice in Minnesota - contact us today: (612) 234-1165

Lawyers, Guns and Money (Explained)

With apologies to the late great Warren Zevon ... as an experienced Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney I often need to advise and advocate for clients on issues related to firearms. 

The situation could be one where someone is accused of crime based on a gun - for example, the charge of Felon in Possession or he or she might be facing an enhanced charge or sentence based upon a gun  - for example, a Minnesota Statue 609.11 

In addition, criminal charges and/or convictions can impact an individual's right to own and possess firearms --- to extents never explained to them by a prosecutor or judge --- even when the crime they're charged with/convicted of had absolutely nothing to do with a gun - such as in cases of Domestic Assault and certain Drug Charges. 

What are Common Gun Crimes

As an experienced Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorneys I am often asked about common fire-arm related offenses - and their impact on one's future ability to own or possess guns.  Here is just a partial list of the more common offenses that could impact that equation:  

• Possession of firearm by ineligible person;
• Possession of firearm with removed serial number;
• Reckless discharge of a firearm, or Intentional Discharge of a Firearm Under Circumstances that Endanger the Safety of Another; and
• Carry without permit, unless exception applies. Carrying of weapons without permit, non-prohibited persons.

Minnesota law prohibits any person, other than a law enforcement officer or a state prison guard who is performing assigned duties, from carrying a pistol in a motor vehicle or in a public place without obtaining a “permit to carry.”

However, a permit to carry is not required to carry the pistol in the following situations:

•  in one’s home, place of business, or on one’s land;
•  from the place of purchase to one’s home or place of business;
•  from one’s home or place of business to a repair shop;
•  between one’s home and place of business;
•  in the woods, fields, or on the waters of this state for hunting or target shooting in a safe area; or
•  in a motor vehicle, snowmobile, or boat if the pistol is unloaded and in a secured box or package.

Enhanced Sentences

In addition to crimes based upon prohibited possession or uses of firearms, Minnesota has criminal statutes which enhance penalties or provide “mandatory minimum” sentences, if some other type of underlying crime is also associated with a gun in certain ways. If a gun is possessed or used impermissibly in relation to one of those other, listed crimes, then a mandatory minimum sentence can apply. 

However, an experienced Minnesota Criminal Defense Lawyer will try to get a prosecutor to agree to drop a gun enhancement under 609.11. If that does not succeed, I can also make a motion to the court to do so.  This called a "Royster" motion.   

Right to Own & Possess Fire Arms

When it comes to a person losing  their civil rights to purchase, possess, or use firearms, there are many ways that this can happen.  The two most common scenarios I've observed are:

1. someone one who has lost their civil rights to firearms due to a felony conviction; and
2. when someone has been charged with/convicted of a selected misdemeanor, or other crimes of domestic violence. 

One abnormality in this whole scenario that a felon in the State of Minnesota, who has completed probation, can apply to have their rights restored if they petition the court for their restoration and the court grants that request.  However, a person convicted of, for example, misdemeanor domestic assault cannot.  

What Should You Do?

Who would have thought getting in trouble was the easy part?  Seriously though, this is a very complicated area of the law and if you or someone you love (who loves to hunt or own and possess fire arms) has been charged with an offense that might impact their 2nd Amendment rights, you owe to him or her to at the very least speak to an attorney.  I've worked with individuals on cases where guns rights was an issue. 

Call the Rolloff Law Office today - (612) 234-1165 - to set up a free consultation to learn about how you can preserve not only your rights - but also your future.   

Do You REALLY Need a Lawyer? (Explained)

If my experience as a prosecutor and as a Minnesota Defense Attorney has taught me anything it is that if someone comes forward and seeks help (and or volunteers information to law enforcement,) they will be prosecuted mercilessly.

Why? 

Well, apparently, that is our legal culture. 

Instead of working to redeem the fallen, the government all too often takes some perverse joy in punishing wrong doers.  Now, this does not mean that that's always the case, but our laws - in how they're written and applied - seem to default to this outcome more times than not.  Therefore, all rationality goes out the window - and as such I cannot encourage someone to go it alone or seek help (if their problem or issue is legal in nature) without someone who knows the "game" by their side every step of the way. 

This is why I am a criminal defense attorney - plain and simple.  If you're going to get kicked while you're down - you need someone at your side who can defend you and fight back because as much you and I would like to believe that the government has our best interests in mind --- that is just NOT always the case. 

What Should You Do?

Here's the deal, a lot of people (myself - at one time included) believe that their lack of cooperation or their desire to engage a lawyer before talking to law enforcement would end up being worse for them than if they just go in an explain themselves . Well, let me set you straight - that is simply untrue.  In all of my years of experience, I can barely recall a situation where cooperation (whether someone was innocent or not) worked out for the better.  

Here's what you have to understand, more often than not the government thinks they know what happened already - so instead of listening to your explanation, they're often only really looking for those things that you say and do that confirm their suspicions.  As such, "going it alone" or "helping the police" (who in turn say they'll help you) rarely turns out to be as simple as it sounds.

If you or someone you love is embroiled in some sort of legal dilemma - the best thing you can do to preserve your rights and your future is to talk to a lawyer - first - to understand exactly what you're dealing with.

Call the Rolloff Law Office today to find out more.